Istanbul Travel Guide: 15 Best Things to Do

Straddling Europe and Asia, Istanbul was the capital of the Byzantine and Ottoman empires for more than 1,500 years – and it's still one of the world's most exciting cities. Domes and minarets rise over the Bosphorus, ferries criss-cross between continents and every neighbourhood has its own character. Here's what not to miss.

The historic peninsula

1. Hagia Sophia

Built as a cathedral in the 6th century, later a mosque, then a museum and now a mosque again, Hagia Sophia is one of the world's great buildings. Read our Hagia Sophia visitor guide before you go.

2. The Blue Mosque

The Sultan Ahmed Mosque is named for the blue İznik tiles inside its vast dome. It's a working mosque, free to visit outside prayer times.

3. Topkapı Palace

The Ottoman sultans ruled from this sprawling palace for nearly 400 years. Don't miss the Harem, the treasury and the views over the Bosphorus from the fourth courtyard.

4. The Basilica Cistern

This vast 6th-century underground water reservoir, with its forest of columns and two Medusa-head bases, is atmospheric and cool on a hot day.

5. The Grand Bazaar

One of the oldest and largest covered markets in the world, with thousands of shops selling carpets, lamps, ceramics, jewellery and leather. Bargain with a smile.

6. The Süleymaniye Mosque

Designed by the great architect Mimar Sinan, this mosque crowns one of the city's seven hills, with peaceful gardens and wonderful views over the Golden Horn.

7. The Spice Bazaar

The Egyptian Bazaar near Eminönü is full of spices, Turkish delight, dried fruit and teas. Next door, the Rüstem Pasha Mosque has some of the finest tiles in Istanbul.

Across the water

8. Take a Bosphorus ferry

The best value cruise in the world: public ferries zig-zag between Europe and Asia, past palaces, fortresses and wooden waterfront mansions. Take a full-length Bosphorus tour or simply hop across to Üsküdar or Kadıköy.

9. Climb Galata Tower

The medieval stone tower above Karaköy offers panoramic views over the old city and the Golden Horn. Go early or late to avoid the long queues.

10. Walk İstiklal Street

The famous pedestrian avenue runs from Taksim Square down towards Galata, with a vintage red tram, shops, churches and side streets full of bars and restaurants.

11. Visit Dolmabahçe Palace

The 19th-century palace on the Bosphorus shore mixes Ottoman and European styles, with crystal chandeliers and a grand ceremonial hall. Visits are by guided tour.

12. Explore Kadıköy on the Asian side

Take the ferry to Kadıköy for its lively food market, cafés and street art – and the feeling of a more local Istanbul.

13. Escape to the Princes' Islands

Car-free islands in the Sea of Marmara, with wooden mansions, pine woods and seafood restaurants – a perfect day trip by ferry.

Food and experiences

14. Eat your way through the city

Start with a Turkish breakfast spread, try a fish sandwich by the Galata Bridge, simit from a street cart, baklava in Karaköy and a kebab for dinner. A food tour is a great way to find the best places.

15. Relax in a hammam

A traditional Turkish bath is the perfect end to a day of walking. Historic hammams such as Çemberlitaş and the restored Hürrem Sultan Hamamı are beautiful settings.

Practical tips

• Get an İstanbulkart for all public transport, including ferries.
• Visit the big sights early and avoid Friday midday prayers at mosques.
• Wear comfortable shoes – Istanbul is hilly.

Continue your trip with our guide to the most beautiful places in Turkey.